The letter O in European Portuguese: Four sounds worth knowing

The letter O in European Portuguese doesn't behave the way most learners expect. It shifts depending on where it sits in a word, whether it carries an accent, and whether it's stressed or unstressed. This post walks through the key sound patterns, step by step. Each sound is explained in plain terms with real examples, the crucial avó/avô distinction, and a summary table to keep it all in view.